Effect of exercise training programme on bone mineral density in novice college rowers

Authors:

B Cohen, P J Millett, B Mist, M A Laskey, N Rushton

Abstract:

Bone is a metabolically active tissue with continuous remodelling occurring throughout life. Although it has been noted for some time that athletes have a greater bone mineral density (BMD) than the normal population” 2, the role of exercise in bone mineralization is only recently being understood. The effects of exercise on BMD appear to be related to the mechanical stresses applied with maximal BMD in those regions of maximal stress. For example, previous cross-sectional studies involving tennis players have demonstrated cortical hypertrophy and increased BMD in the playing arms. Others have shown increased BMD in the os calcis of runners and the lumbar spine of weightlifters. There is also evidence that BMD is a function of muscle strength. Snow-Harter examined BMD in relation to muscle strength in young to middle-aged men and concluded that muscle strength did indeed make important contributions to BMD. Doyle demonstrated a significant correlation between the weight of the psoas muscle and the ash-weight of the third lumbar vertebral body in cadavers, thus indicating the close relationship that exists between functional loading and the adaptive response of bone.

Longitudinal studies in women have shown significant increases in BMD with exercise. In an investigation involving pre-menopausal women, Gleeson. reported a significant difference in the percentage change of lumbar BMD in exercising women versus controls. Many interventional exercise studies have demonstrated increased BMD in the lumbar spine, femur tibia, calcaneum and radius; other studies however have not supported these findings. A study by Smidt found no difference in BMD of the lumbar spine or upper femur following year of high intensity trunk exercise in postmenopausal women. The extent of weight bearing seems to play a role although, in one recent non-weight bearing exercise study,Bloomfield were still able to demonstrate an increase in bone mineral without the effects of gravity.

For the complete study: Effect of exercise training programme on bone mineral density in novice college rowers

Peter Millett, MD

Average rating:

39 reviews

Alexandra Thompson

Mar 23, 2024

by Alexandra Thompson on Peter Millett, MD

110%

Dr. Millett and his team did a SLAP tear repair and bicep tenodesis on my left shoulder. I use my arms as an artist, and love to swim in the ocean, surf, paddle, and telemark ski. So regaining full use of my shoulder and keeping my bicep attached was very important to me. Now, over two years later, my shoulder has the equivalent range of motion as my other arm and as before the injury, and no pain. After the first three months it felt so good and was so strong that - to my horror - I completely forgot my six-month follow-up.

Not only did Dr. Millett and his team make my arm as good as new, but having had the experience of such kindness and expertise throughout the process of surgery and recovery is like an added shoulder superpower.

Thank you Rita, Brooke, Jason, Sarah, Camille, Olivia, Dr. Millett and everyone! And see you soon when my husband comes in for his knee...

Jeff Chandler

Jan 31, 2022

by Jeff Chandler on Peter Millett, MD

Flawless procedure, Easy recovery

Dr. Millet's repaired my knee and tibia, following a botched operation by a different surgeon. That procedure was virtually pain free and I was weight bearing within a few days. That was 18 years ago and the knee is still strong. A few years after the knee incident, Dr Millet repaired my shoulder. My insurance company approved me for 3 months of disability following that surgery. I was off pain medication in 2 days and had 90% range of motion within a week. I withdrew my disability claim and returned to work within two weeks of surgery. I’m not a famous athlete—just a regular guy. Nonetheless, I was treated like an NFL at the Steadman clinic. Most notable was the time for recovery. Other surgeons perform their hour-long task in the OR and don’t involve themselves in the other functions. Peter and his team manages the entire process from diagnosis, anesthesia, nursing care, and therapy. He takes a holistic approach to patient care and doesn’t skip any steps.

Jenn West

Jul 2, 2021

by Jenn West on Peter Millett, MD

Saved My Life

I went to Dr. Millett after 7 knee surgeries (6 on my right and 1 on my left) and had seen 11 different surgeons who all refused to remove femur metal from my right leg. I am highly allergic to metal and the chronic pain was leaving me bedridden for 3.5wks out of a month. He personally wrote me back on my inquiry, listened to my concerns, scheduled my surgery within a week (due to insurance issues) and personally followed up with my recovery. The level of patient care from Dr. Millett and his ENTIRE team is above any care I have ever received in my 20 years of dealing with orthopedic surgeons. There are not enough words to describe the level of care, dedication and professionalism you receive from Dr. Millett and his staff.
My only disappointment is that I did not find him sooner!!!

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