GIRD (glenohumeral internal rotation deficit): Repetitive motions may alter the characteristics of the shoulder joint, also known as ‘remodeling’. The head of the upper arm bone (humerus) rotates in the cavity of the shoulder blade (glenoid). Repetitive overhead throws like in a pitcher’s arm increase the amount of external or outward rotation of the upper arm, but decrease the possibilities of internal or inward rotation. This is known as the glenohumeral internal rotation deficit.
Return to Sports Medicine Terminology
